Advances in technology and increased demand for lower-priced gem materials contributed to the proliferation of new treatments throughout the first decade of the 2000s. The developments that made the ...

Copper-bearing tourmaline from Mozambique was first recovered in 2001, but its Cu content was not recognized until 2003, and it was not widely sold with its Mozambique origin disclosed until 2005. It ...

Citrine is one of the most popular yellow gems on the market. This designer cut shows off the warm glow of citrine’s sunny color. – Lydia Dyer, gem courtesy John Dyer & Co. Citrine—the transparent, ...

This miner is handling a kunzite crystal at the Oceanview Mine in Pala, California, for the very first time since its formation. - Brendan Laurs Few people outside the gem industry realize the true ...

Established in 1931, the Gemological Institute of America (GIA) is the world’s foremost authority on diamonds, colored stones, and pearls. A public benefit, nonprofit institute, GIA is the leading ...

Despite the commercial value of natural-color diamonds, distinguishing them from treated diamonds remains a significant identification challenge. While some diagnostic visual features exist ...

The 1980s have seen an explosion of interest in the cultured black pearls of French Polynesia, five groups of island archipelagos in the South Pacific. Twenty years ago, black pearls were a mere ...

Malaya garnets from Bekily, Madagascar, are predominantly pink to pinkish orange, with some stones orange to red. Discovered only in the late 1990s, the majority are intermediate members of the pyrope ...

The modern elephant, threatened by extinction, is protected by international agreements banning the sale of ivory from tusks. This trade ban does not apply to ornaments made of mammoth fossil ivory, ...

Studies carried out at the DTC Research Centre have shown that single-crystal CVD synthetic diamond is clearly distinguishable from natural diamond. This article presents information about the CVD ...

Figure 1. These emeralds from Musakashi, Zambia, range from 0.57 to 4.85 ct. The rough samples were polished with one window on each. The faceted sample measures 6.29 × 5.35 × 3.53 mm and weighs 0.97 ...

The GIA Laboratory-Grown Diamond Report includes full quality assessment with a plotted clarity diagram. Color and clarity specification are described on the same scale as the GIA Diamond Grading ...