The FPGA runs an algorithm for finding the shortest route between two points, called Dijkstra’s algorithm.

Project Scheduling in And-Or Graphs: A Generalization of Dijkstra's Algorithm George M. Adelson-Velsky and Eugene Levner Mathematics of Operations Research , pp. 504-517 (14 pages) ...

Ronald Boskovic, Paul Belcher, 83.03 A Teaching Note on Dijkstra's Shortest Path Algorithm, The Mathematical Gazette, Vol. 83, No. 497 (Jul., 1999), pp. 251-254 ...

So, an algorithm is the process a computer uses to transform input data into output data. A simple concept, and yet every piece of technology that you touch involves many algorithms.