In Java, nested classes are categorized as either static member classes or inner classes. Inner classes are non-static member classes, local classes, or anonymous classes.

Kotlin was designed to bring more flexibility and flow to programming in the JVM. Here's an in-depth look at how Kotlin makes working with classes and objects easier and introduces coroutines to ...

Sealed classes in Java let developers limit the creation and use of subclasses and preserve the class hierarchy. Here is how sealed classes in Java work.

.NET and Java developers are perplexed about the indiscreet way C++ discloses private class details. Pimpl (pointer-to-implementation) solves this problem by keeping secrets hidden from peepers.

Private class fields are finally coming to JavaScript with no less than three separate TC39 proposals that define the new capabilities.