The committee's top Democrat, Rep. Brendan Boyle, D-Pa., began by asking Rep. Jodey Arrington, R-Texas, the chairman, to be transparent with the committee on what "side deals" were struck to flip votes.

They voted "present" rather than against the legislation, giving House Speaker Mike Johnson a rare win. But their lack of explicit support points to a bumpy road ahead before the party unites. The bill would extend tax cuts from President Donald Trump's first term, end taxes on tips and increase military and border spending.