Cell references in Excel are like addresses that point to specific cells. Three types of Excel cell references are relative, absolute, and mixed, each with unique functions.

An Easy Way to Explain the Difference Between a Relative & an Absolute Formula in Excel. Using formulas in Excel can be less than intuitive for some people.

Unlike relative references, absolute references do not change when copied or filled. You can use an absolute reference to keep a row and/or column constant.