That error code (CASMicrosoftCV...) is a generic Microsoft Store/Commerce backend failure — it's their cart/checkout service choking, not something on your end.
Don't try to delete the old items again.
Instead:
Open a private/InPrivate browser window.
Sign into your Microsoft account.
Go directly to the Surface Pro 12-inch refurbished product page, rather than opening your existing cart.
Try Buy now or add the new Surface directly.
Then add the Surface Pro keyboard.
Microsoft explicitly supports purchasing hardware through its online Store from the product page.
You may also try a different Microsoft account.