Core component of SQL Server for storing, processing, and securing data
The real error in your log is the last line: setup can't write to its log folder on the D: drive.
Please try, in order:
Confirm the D: drive exists and has free space. If it's missing, full, or read-only, that's your cause.
Test write access - open Command Prompt as Administrator and run:
echo test > "D:\Program Files\Microsoft SQL Server\170\Setup Bootstrap\Log\test.txt"
Fails then it's a D: access/space issue (the root cause).
Succeeds then D: is fine; likely admin rights.
Run setup as Administrator, or point it to a writable path:
setup.exe /INSTALLPATH="C:\Program Files\Microsoft SQL Server"